Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (AT1R blockers, or ARBs) are used commonly in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure and hypertension. Their clinical success arises from their ability to prevent deleterious Gαq protein activation downstream of AT1R, which leads to a decrease in morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have identified AT1R ligands that concurrently inhibit Gαq protein-dependent signaling and activate Gαq proteinindependent/ β-arrestin-dependent signaling downstream of AT1R, events that may actually improve cardiovascular performance more than conventional ARBs. The ability of such ligands to induce intracellular signaling events in an AT1R-β-arrestin-dependent manner while preventing AT1R-Gαq protein activity defines them as biased AT1R ligands. This mini-review will highlight recent studies that have defined biased signaling at the AT1R and discuss the possible clinical relevance of β-arrestin-biased AT1R ligands in the cardiovascular system.
Keywords: apoptosis, AT1R, β-arrestin, biased signaling, contractility, hypertrophy, internalization, transactivation, antagonists, cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, morbidity, mortality, cardiomyocytes, endocytosis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Functional Relevance of Biased Signaling at the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor
Volume: 11 Issue: 2
Author(s): Douglas G. Tilley
Affiliation:
Keywords: apoptosis, AT1R, β-arrestin, biased signaling, contractility, hypertrophy, internalization, transactivation, antagonists, cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, morbidity, mortality, cardiomyocytes, endocytosis
Abstract: Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (AT1R blockers, or ARBs) are used commonly in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure and hypertension. Their clinical success arises from their ability to prevent deleterious Gαq protein activation downstream of AT1R, which leads to a decrease in morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have identified AT1R ligands that concurrently inhibit Gαq protein-dependent signaling and activate Gαq proteinindependent/ β-arrestin-dependent signaling downstream of AT1R, events that may actually improve cardiovascular performance more than conventional ARBs. The ability of such ligands to induce intracellular signaling events in an AT1R-β-arrestin-dependent manner while preventing AT1R-Gαq protein activity defines them as biased AT1R ligands. This mini-review will highlight recent studies that have defined biased signaling at the AT1R and discuss the possible clinical relevance of β-arrestin-biased AT1R ligands in the cardiovascular system.
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Cite this article as:
G. Tilley Douglas, Functional Relevance of Biased Signaling at the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2011; 11 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153011795564133
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153011795564133 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
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