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Current Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

Neuritin, A Neurotrophic Factor in Nervous System Physiology

Author(s): S. Zhou and J. Zhou

Volume 21, Issue 10, 2014

Page: [1212 - 1219] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666131218093327

Price: $65

Abstract

Neuritin (also known as candidate plasticity gene 15, cpg15) is an activity-induced glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored axonal protein and is mainly expressed in the brain. Neuritin mRNA expression is modulated by neurotrophic factors, synaptic activity, hormones, sensory experience, and electroconvulsive seizure therapy. Neuritin has several effects in the nervous system, such as promoting neurite outgrowth, modulating neurite outgrowth during neuronal differentiation, protecting motor neuron axons, promoting dendritic growth, shaping dendritic arbors of target neurons, regulating synaptic plasticity, stabilizing active synapses, promoting synaptic maturation and neuronal migration, promoting the development and maturation of visual cortical neurons, regulating apoptosis of proliferative neurons, and regenerating peripheral nerve and spinal axons. Neuritin is also implicated in cerebral ischemia, depression, and cognitive function in schizophrenia, and it upregulates transient outward K+ currents in neurons, suggesting that neuritin may be a potential therapeutic target in peripheral and central nervous system diseases. This review focuses on the expression, distribution, and physiological functions of neuritin in the nervous system.

Keywords: Antidepressant, cerebral ischemia, cognitive function, dendritic growth, nerve regeneration, neurite outgrowth, neuritin, synaptic plasticity.


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